[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":41},["ShallowReactive",2],{"episode-traffic-how-we-get-there":3},{"id":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"subtitle":7,"pubdate":8,"tags":13,"thumb":19,"excerpt":25,"content":26,"transcript":21,"transcript_file":21,"audio":27,"resources":31,"segments":40},289,"traffic-how-we-get-there","Traffic","How We Get From Here to There",{"utc":9,"short":10,"medium":11,"long":12},1216395296,"07.18.08","Jul 18, 2008","July 18, 2008",[14,15,16,17,18],"automobiles","canals","highway construction","transportation","transportation infrastructure",{"src":20,"caption":21,"derivatives":22},"https:\u002F\u002Fs3.amazonaws.com\u002Fcdn.backstoryradio.org\u002Fimages\u002Ftraffic-how-we-get-there\u002FTraffic.jpg",null,{"square_small":23,"square_medium":24},"https:\u002F\u002Fs3.amazonaws.com\u002Fcdn.backstoryradio.org\u002Fimages\u002Ftraffic-how-we-get-there\u002Fsquare_small\u002FTraffic.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fs3.amazonaws.com\u002Fcdn.backstoryradio.org\u002Fimages\u002Ftraffic-how-we-get-there\u002Fsquare_medium\u002FTraffic.jpg","America’s story is one of migration and expansion. In this hour, we explore the history of America’s highways and byways. We hear from Gridlock Sam, who fights traffic for a living, and Peter Norton, who takes us back to the dawn of the motor age. Then we travel through America’s canalways with batteau reenactors and [...]","\u003Cp>America’s story is one of migration and expansion. In this hour, we explore the history of America’s highways and byways. We hear from Gridlock Sam, who fights traffic for a living, and Peter Norton, who takes us back to the dawn of the motor age. Then we travel through America’s canalways with batteau reenactors and John Larson, a scholar who explains the delicate issue of who foots the bill for internal improvements. Finally, Susan Rugh reminds us that “freedom of the road” simply wasn’t a reality for black Americans in the 1950s, a period when physical and social mobility seem particularly linked.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"url":28,"duration":29,"formatted_duration":30},"https:\u002F\u002Fs3.amazonaws.com\u002Fcdn.backstoryradio.org\u002Faudio\u002Fepisodes\u002Ftraffic-how-we-get-there.mp3","3179","00:52:59",[32,36],{"title":33,"content":34,"files":35},"Show Highlights","\u003Ch2>No Vacancies\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Historian Susan Rugh describes the discrimination black families faced on America’s highways in the 1940s and 50s. Many of those travelers recounted their experiences in letters to the NAACP – letters that eventually helped convince U.S. Senators to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>Taking it to the Streets\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Historian Peter Norton speaks with 20th Century History Guy Brian Balogh about how automobile companies in the 1920s managed to re-define streets as a space for cars, rather than pedestrians. And he explains the little-known history of the term “jaywalker.”\u003C\u002Fp>\n",[],{"title":37,"content":38,"files":39},"Related Links","\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmitpress.mit.edu\u002Fbooks\u002Ffighting-traffic\">Read a chapter\u003C\u002Fa> from Peter Norton’s \u003Cem>Fighting Traffic: The Dawn of the Motor Age in the American City\u003C\u002Fem>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.vacanals.org\u002Fbatteau\u002F\">Find out more\u003C\u002Fa> about the history of batteaus and \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fmesserlyphoto.com\u002FGallery\u002Findex.php\">view pictures\u003C\u002Fa> from the 2008 Batteau Festival\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Read more about \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fs3.amazonaws.com\u002Fcdn.backstoryradio.org\u002Ffiles\u002Ftraffic-how-we-get-there\u002Fresources-inline\u002Feasterlingletter.pdf\">Easterling\u003C\u002Fa> (PDF) \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fs3.amazonaws.com\u002Fcdn.backstoryradio.org\u002Ffiles\u002Ftraffic-how-we-get-there\u002Fresources-inline\u002Fgreshamletter.pdf\">Gresham\u003C\u002Fa> (PDF) \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fs3.amazonaws.com\u002Fcdn.backstoryradio.org\u002Ffiles\u002Ftraffic-how-we-get-there\u002Fresources-inline\u002Fyoungletter.pdf\">Young \u003C\u002Fa>(PDF) \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fs3.amazonaws.com\u002Fcdn.backstoryradio.org\u002Ffiles\u002Ftraffic-how-we-get-there\u002Fresources-inline\u002Fwilliamsandhaynesletter.pdf\">Williams and Haynes\u003C\u002Fa> (PDF)\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>BackStory loves bicycles! Here’s our favorite \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fbooks.google.com\u002Fbooks?id=J1opX8cx6EQC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=bicyle:+a+history&source=web&ots=trpvqXz1vM&sig=8c0gBi_1vwfaA85D3Ldlo8tLGhY&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=12&ct=result#PPP1,M1\">bicycle history book\u003C\u002Fa>, by David Herlihy\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.history.org\u002FFoundation\u002Fjournal\u002FSpring09\u002Fcarts.cfm\">Carts & wagons\u003C\u002Fa> in colonial Virginia\u003C\u002Fp>\n",[],[],1790963882078]